Bispecific Antibodies Effectively Neutralize Omicron Variants

Researchers have developed bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) that provide potent neutralization against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, including XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, and JN.1, according to a new study published in Science Translational Medicine.

The study evaluated CoV2-biRNs, a series of next-generation antibodies targeting both the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Among them, CoV2-biRN5 and CoV2-biRN7 demonstrated the highest efficacy, surpassing the potency of traditional monoclonal antibody therapies.

Key findings include:

• Broader protection: CoV2-biRN5 and CoV2-biRN7 neutralized multiple Omicron variants, including those resistant to earlier antibody treatments.
• Enhanced durability: The dual-targeting approach reduced the risk of viral escape mutations.
• Preclinical success: Prophylactic treatment with CoV2-biRN5 significantly reduced viral load in lung tissue of infected mice.

With the declining efficacy of earlier monoclonal antibody treatments, these bispecific antibodies could serve as a critical tool for immunocompromised individuals who remain at high risk for severe COVID-19. Further clinical trials will be needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in humans.​

Citation

Adonis A. Rubio et al., Bispecific antibodies targeting the N-terminal and receptor binding domains potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.Sci. Transl. Med.17,eadq5720(2025).DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.adq5720