Endometriosis

A condition in which the tissue lining the inside of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside of the uterus, affecting the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and tissue lining the pelvis. While endometriosis has not been classified as an autoimmune condition, it is thought to increase the risk for autoimmune conditions as the inflammatory nature appears to trigger an imbalance in the immune system. The link between endometriosis and its association with autoimmunity is still being investigated.

Excessive menstrual cramps, pain during sexual intercourse, abnormal or heavy menstrual flow, infertility, painful urination or bowel movements during menstrual periods, and chronic pain in the lower back and pelvis.

Fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease, interstitial cystitis, irritable bowel syndrome, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer.

Studies have also shown that having endometriosis may increase the risk of also having autoimmune diseases such as SLE, Sjogren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid disorder, celiac disease, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), and Addison’s disease. 

Endometriosis typically affects females who are of reproductive age (18-45). A positive family history of the disease is another risk factor. Studies have found that females are also more likely to develop endometriosis if they start their period at an earlier age or if they have shorter menstrual cycles.